Europos sąjunga

(Darbą įkėlė Svečias)

Aprašymas:

Darbas:

CONTENT

1. What is the Europien Union ? 2
2. How the EU takes decisions ? 3
3. Consultation 3
4.Assent 4
5. Codecision 4
6. Modenysing the system 4
7. What does the Parliament do ? 6
8. How it the Parliament‘s work organized ? 7
9. How is the Council‘s work organized ? 11
10. What is the commission ? 13
11. Where is the commission based ? 14
12. What does the commision do? 14
13. How is the commission‘s work organized ? 16
14. Limiting the size of commission ? 16
15. What does the court do ? 18
16. How is the courts work organized ? 19
17. What does the court do ? 19
18. What does the EESC do ? 21
19. What does the committee do ? 22
20. How is the committee‘s work organized ? 23
21. How is the Bank‘s work organized ? 25
22. Literature 29

What is the Europien Union ?
The European Union (EU) is not a federation

like the United States. Nor is it simply an organisation for co-operation between governments, like the United Nations. It is, in fact, unique. The countries that make up the EU (its ‘member states’) remain independent sovereign nations but they pool their sovereignty in order to gain a strength and world influence none of them could have on their own.
Pooling sovereignty means, in practice, that the member states delegate some of their decision-making powers to shared institutions they have created, so that decisions on specific matters of joint interest can be made democratically at European level.
The EU's decision-making process in general and the co-decision procedure in particular involve three main institutions:
• the European Parliament (EP), which represents the EU’s citizens and is directly elected by them;
• the Council of the European Union, which represents the individual member states;
• the European Commission, which seeks1 to uphold the interests of the Union as a whole.
This ‘institutional triangle’ produces the policies and laws that apply throughout the EU. In principle, it is the Commission that proposes2 new laws, but it is the Parliament and Council that adopt them.
Two other institutions have a vital part to play: the Court of Justice upholds the rule of European law, and the Court of Auditors checks the financing of the Union’s activities.
The powers and responsibilities of these institutions are laid down in the Treaties, which are the foundation3 of everything the EU does. They also lay down the rules and procedures that the EU institutions must follow. The Treaties are agreed by the presidents and/or prime ministers of all the EU countries, and ratified by their parliaments.
In addition to its institutions, the EU has a